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Draw Schedule(分期撥款計畫)

Published Jan 20, 2025Updated Mar 22, 2026

What Is Draw Schedule(分期撥款計畫)?

Draw Schedule(分期撥款計畫)把你的翻新預算拆分為數筆款項,每筆在施工達到特定里程碑後撥付。貸方用它來控制營建貸款的撥付節奏,承包商用它來管理現金流。每筆Draw(撥款)在釋出前都需要經過現場查驗和核准。這個機制保護了投資者——你不會為尚未完成的工程付款;同時也給承包商一個明確的付款時程。對於做翻新轉售的投資者來說,Draw Schedule是控制專案風險的核心工具。

Draw Schedule(分期撥款計畫)是一份按施工里程碑分階段撥付翻新資金的時程表,通常與拆除、粗裝和精裝等關鍵節點連動。

At a Glance

  • 核心含義: 按施工完成進度分階段撥付翻新資金
  • 重要性: 保護貸方和投資者,確保工程完成後才付款
  • 關鍵細節: 一個典型的翻新專案有3到6個Draw節點,每個節點需要查驗通過
  • 相關概念: Contractor Bid(承包商報價)、Construction Loan(營建貸款)、Punch List(待修清單)
  • 留意事項: 查驗或核准延遲會拖慢承包商進度,延長專案時程

How It Works

里程碑制。 常見的里程碑包括:(1)拆除和粗裝完成;(2)機電系統(暖通、電氣、管道)完成;(3)石膏板和地板完成;(4)精裝(廚櫃、檯面、燈具)完成;(5)最終Punch List(待修清單)完成。每個里程碑對應總預算的一個百分比。

查驗。 每次申請Draw之前,貸方或查驗員會到現場確認。他們核實工程完成狀況,可能拍照紀錄進度。如果工程未完成,Draw會被駁回,承包商必須先完成整改。

資金撥付。 核准通過後,資金通常在3到7個工作天內撥付。承包商用這筆Draw支付分包商和下一階段的材料費。

Retainage(尾款保留)。 部分貸方會扣留總預算的5%到10%,直到最終Punch List全部完成後才撥付。這筆尾款是承包商完成所有收尾工作的保障。

Real-World Example

陳美玲在Houston有一間1,200平方英尺的翻新案,翻新預算為$55,000。她的營建貸款採用5次Draw的撥款計畫:

  • Draw 1: 拆除和粗裝完成 — 20% — $11,000
  • Draw 2: 機電系統完成(暖通、電氣、管道) — 25% — $13,750
  • Draw 3: 石膏板和地板完成 — 25% — $13,750
  • Draw 4: 精裝完成(廚櫃、檯面、燈具) — 25% — $13,750
  • Draw 5: Punch List完成 — 5% — $2,750

Draw 1查驗在開工12天後進行,承包商通過,$11,000撥付。Draw 2原定第4週,但暖通空調延誤,查驗推遲到第5週。陳美玲的持有成本因此增加。她催促承包商趕工,Draw 2最終通過。

最後的Draw 5在Punch List全部完成後撥付。承包商有兩週時間處理收尾項目,陳美玲扣住$2,750直到所有項目完成。

Pros & Cons

Advantages
  • 保護貸方和投資者,避免為未完成的工程付款
  • 讓承包商的現金流與施工進度對齊
  • 為專案管理建立清晰的里程碑節點
  • 降低承包商中途棄工的風險
Drawbacks
  • 查驗延遲會拖慢承包商進度
  • 承包商可能需要預付材料款,Draw撥付前存在資金缺口
  • 小型專案可能覺得流程過於繁瑣,部分貸方會減少Draw次數
  • Retainage(尾款保留)可能給承包商造成現金流壓力

Watch Out

  • 查驗延遲: 主動安排查驗時間,延遲會導致承包商停工等待
  • Scope Creep(範圍蔓延): 如果施工中途新增工作內容,Draw Schedule可能需要調整,提前和貸方溝通
  • 承包商資金周轉: 有些承包商需要預付材料款才能開始下一階段,提前討論是否需要材料預付款安排

Ask an Investor

The Takeaway

Draw Schedule(分期撥款計畫)是翻新專案的資金管控骨幹。它把你的營建貸款翻新預算與施工里程碑綁定,讓承包商為每一階段的完成負責。管理好Draw節奏——查驗不拖延、核准不卡關——你的專案時程和持有成本才能控制在預算範圍內。

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