Share
Deal Analysis·3 min read·researchinvest

收購成本

Also known as總購入成本全含購入成本
Published May 23, 2024Updated Mar 22, 2026

What Is 收購成本?

收購成本 = 購買價格 + 過戶費用。一套購價320,000美元、過戶費用9,600美元的房產,收購成本 = 329,600美元。這是你實際為擁有這套物業支付的金額——不包括任何翻新或準備金。現金回報率使用收購成本(或如果加上翻新則為總投資)作為分母。不要僅使用購買價格——過戶費用是實實在在花出去的錢。

收購成本(Acquisition Cost)是你為取得一處物業實際支付的總金額——購買價格加上過戶費用。它是計算現金回報率總投資的基準。

At a Glance

  • 定義: 購買價格 + 過戶費用
  • 意義: 真實的取得成本;交易分析的基準
  • 典型過戶費用: 貸款金額的2%至4%
  • 用途: 計算現金回報率總投資
  • 不包括: 翻新費、準備金、資本支出
Formula

Acquisition Cost = Purchase Price + Closing Costs

How It Works

購買價格。 合約價格。賣方收到的金額。直截了當。

過戶費用。 貸款手續費、估價費、產權保險、託管、登記費、預付稅費和保險。買方通常支付貸款金額的2%至4%。以256,000美元貸款(320,000美元的80%)為例,過戶費用為5,120至10,240美元。賣方可能在協商中承擔部分費用。

對報酬的影響。 現金回報率 = 年現金流 ÷ 投入現金。投入現金包括頭期款加上過戶費用。如果忽略過戶費用,你會高估報酬。頭期款64,000美元 + 過戶費用8,000美元 = 投入72,000美元。年現金流4,800美元 ÷ 72,000美元 = 6.7%。僅用64,000美元計算 = 7.5%——這是錯誤的。

總投資的關係。 總投資 = 收購成本 + 翻新費 + 其他前期費用。對於直接可入住的物業,收購成本 = 總投資。對於需要翻新的物業,需要加上翻新費。

Real-World Example

林佳慧在曼非斯。 她對一棟四戶公寓出價385,000美元。過戶費用:11,200美元(貸款手續費、估價、產權、託管、預付項目)。收購成本:396,200美元。頭期款25%:96,250美元。實際交割所需現金:96,250 + 11,200 = 107,450美元。她的現金流模型顯示年收益6,200美元。現金回報率 = 6,200 ÷ 107,450 = 5.8%。如果她只用頭期款計算:6,200 ÷ 96,250 = 6.4%。0.6%的差異在比較交易時很重要。

Pros & Cons

Advantages
  • 反映真實的取得成本
  • 提高交易分析的準確性
  • 與貸方和稅務處理保持一致
Drawbacks
  • 過戶費用因貸方和地區而異
  • 容易低估——儘早取得貸款估算

Watch Out

  • 預付項目: 稅費和保險的託管預付屬於過戶費用,但不算「沉沒成本」——你是在為一個帳戶注資。仍然將其計入交割所需現金。
  • 賣方讓步: 如果賣方承擔部分過戶費用,你的收購成本下降——調整模型。
  • 翻新費單獨計算: 收購成本只包括購買 + 過戶。翻新費歸入總投資

Ask an Investor

The Takeaway

收購成本 = 購買價格 + 過戶費用。在計算現金回報率交易分析時使用它。不要僅用購買價格——過戶費用是實實在在的現金支出。

Was this helpful?

Explore More Terms

Curing Title1 views

Curing title is the process of resolving defects, claims, liens, or encumbrances on a property's title so that ownership can transfer cleanly to a new buyer. Until a title is cured, most lenders won't fund a mortgage and most title companies won't issue title insurance.

Churn Rate1 views

Churn rate is the percentage of tenants who vacate a rental property or portfolio during a specific period—typically measured annually. It's the inverse of tenant retention and one of the most direct indicators of property management effectiveness.

Rent Collection System1 views

A rent collection system is the combination of payment methods, automation tools, enforcement policies, and accounting procedures a landlord uses to consistently collect rent on time—ranging from manual check collection to fully automated online platforms.

Loan Recasting1 views

Loan recasting is a little-known alternative to refinancing where you make a lump-sum principal payment on your mortgage and the lender re-amortizes the remaining balance at the same interest rate, resulting in a lower monthly payment — without closing costs, credit checks, or a new loan.

Operating Agreement1 views

An operating agreement is the governing document for an LLC—it spells out member roles, capital contributions, profit splits, voting rights, and what happens when someone wants out.

Gift Tax1 views

Gift Tax is a tax strategy concept that describes a specific aspect of how real estate transactions, analysis, or operations work in the context of tax optimization deals.